MumbaisilicOnvalleyBengalUreneaporenewdelhimunich/AmsterdamnewyorkgiftCity
Research
Theglobaldrone
Revolution
Aerialtransport, Investments
Andmakeinindiaopportunities
November2023
H nishdesaailIATES2023
Research
TheglobalDronrevolution
Aerialtransport, Investments
Andmakeinindiaopportunities
November2023
Dmscode: 26042.2
H nishdesaailIATES2023
Concierge@
RANKEDASTHE ‘MostinnovativeindianLawFirm ’inTheprestigiousftiVativeLawyer SasiaPacificAwardSformaars.ALSORANSOMOMOMOMORTIEAREARS AcficLAWFIRM’INTHEELITEFINCIALTIMESINOVATIONKINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINGINO
Back to WORUDX
H nishdesaailIATES2023
Concierge@
TheglobalDronrevolution -AERIALTRANSPORT, InvestmentsandMakeinindiaopPortunities
Disclaimer
ThisReportisacopyrightofnishithdesaiassociates.NoreadershouldactonThebasisTANTAINTAINTAINEDHERENEEKINEEKINGPROFESIONGESIONGESIONGESSIONGESSIONGPROFESSEELAT AuthorsandthefirmexpresslydisClaimAliabilityToanyperSonwhosreadthisreport, Orotherwise, Inrespectofanything, andofConSequenceSofanythththth Ingdone, oromittedtobedoneByAnysuchpersonrelianceupontheContentsoftHisreport.
Contal
Foranyhelporassistanceasemailuson
Concierge@
orvisitusat
AcKnowledgements
Ahaanraizada
ahaan.raizada@
Morvichaturvedi
Morvi.Chaturvedi@
AFAANANARSHAD
Afaan.arshad@
Aniruddhamajumdar
Aniruddha.majumdar@Nagpur Stock
Huzefatavawalla
huzefa.tavawalla@
H NishdesaailIATES2023PROVIDUPONREQUESTONL
Contents
INTRODUCTION1
Whatare’drones’? 2
GlobaldevelopopmentsindSindroneusage
GrowthofalliedDroneTechNologies6
GlobalDronregulation
Globalstandards8
UnitedStateSofamerica (US) 8
Theeuropeanunion10
Thedronesrules, 2021inindia12
KeyfeatureSofthdronEres12
PLISCHEMEFORDRON19
RelatedRateGulatoryFramework20
I.ForeIGNDIRECTINVESTMENT (‘FDI’) 20
II.INTELLECTULPROPERIGHTS20
III.DataProtectionandprivacy21
IV.GeospatialData21
V.tortlaw22
Vi.taxaspects22
Conclusion25
H NishdesaailIATES2023PROVIDUPONREQUESTONL
TheglobalDronrevolution -AERIALTRANSPORT, InvestmentsandMakeinindiaopPortunities
INTRODUCTION
Inaugust2021, InraatherpleasantlySurprisingMove, TheGoverNTOVERDHAULESNDROSECNDTIINTHESAMEYEAR, butthistimelbitalityItalMostMost EntirelythroudhedronEronerules, 2021 ("DronErules"). ItisundrtoodthecompellingpotentialofdronesandtheirusehvebeenanimPortrivingFactorFor ThisunpRecedentedlegislativeAction.thisacthaspaveDthewayForagrowingIndroneindustry.
AnimportantpartoftHedronrevolutionhasalSoBeentheshiftFromoperationswit ). THEEARLRERREGINDRONESREQUIREQUIREDHEPRESENCEPITEPITEPITWITWITHUNAIDVISUACONTACTWIDRONETANDERTAPERITATIONS.suchRevity Flying AincommonininininvariousjurisDictionSoutSideindia.however, UNDERTHEDRONERULES, TheRehasbeenashisApproachwithgrelaxativesBeingalllowForundrt akingBVLOSOPERATIATINS.THISISIMPORTANTDEVELOPMENTHENTHEBVIOUSLITATIONSOPERATIONSHAVE.
Fromaneconomicperspective,thedroneindustryhasmassivepotentialintermsofgivingaboostbyattractingsignificantglobalinvestmentsinIndia.TheUnmannedAircraftSystem(“UAS”)market-sizeinIndiaisprojectedtoincreasetoapproximatelyUSD9.3billionby2025ataCAGRof80%.1Infact,theexpandingapplicationofdronestovariousindustriesispredictedtoimpactmarketsglobally,andtheinvestmentinthesectorisboundtogrowexponentially.Internationally,variouspredictionshaveestimatedthedronemarkettogrowfromUSD19.2billionin2021toUSD63.1billionby2028.2Inthefiscalyear2022–23alone,dronestart-upsattractedcloseto$49.7millionininvestmentsinIndia,3whichisa300%growthfromthelastthreefiscals.Inpart,thishasbeenenabledbyaglobaltrendtowardstherelaxationofdroneoperationrestrictionsearlierwhichpreventedBVLOSoperationsandcarriageofpayloadsinvariouscountriesalongwiththe’MakeinIndia’Initiatives.
ThePaperProvidesabrieFintroductionTovariousConConceptodronesandDelvesToasenexalySISISISTINDHEREGIEGIMEINTTHEUU Sandeu.wehavealSoanalySedtheon-GROUNDIMPATTHEDRONDROWINDIAWILLHA EintheuseofdroneSandlegallacunae.TheConCludingSectionProvidesForawayForw ARDTOENSURESURESSFULREGULATIONSWHICHICHICEBARARANCETWETWEENDRONDROUSAGEAN dpolicymaking.
1SHrijyotiRaDityASCindiahighlightsvariousASPECTSOFTHEGROWTHEINDHEINDIATIATIONDUSTRY, available
.in/PressreleSedailm.aspx? Prid = 1908939
, LastaccessEdoCTOBER27,2023.
2DRONESMARKETSIZEVERIEDRESEARCH, Availables:
/News-Releases/Drones-Market-Size-Worth-63-05-Billion-
Globally-BY-2028-AT-16-01-Cagr-VeriFied-Market-Research-301530065.html
, LastaccessEdonOber27,2023.
3INDRONENDERYFLIESHIGHWIGHWINXGROWESTMENTSOVER3-Years, (March24,2023), Available
Years-374728-2023-03-24
, LastaccessEdonOber27,2023.
H NishdesaailIATES2023PROVIDEDUPONREQUESTONL1
TheglobalDronrevolution -AERIALTRANSPORT, InvestmentsandMakeinindiaopPortunities
Whatare’drones’?
Theword "Drone" ReferstoanunmannedVehicleCapableOperatingOnland, Air, Underwat nmannedaerialvehicles ("UAV") Which, Asthenamesuggests, Operatsolelyinai R, OrauaswhistheEntiresystemASSOTHTHTHEAV, AndallowsauavtoFun CTION.1INTHISPAPER, TheWords’DRONE ‘, ‘uav’and ’iaS’areuseUSEDINGEABLY.DRONESMOTEMOLOTEDBYAMAN, Orpartiallyorlyautonomomous.
ForregulatoryPurPoses, DifferentCountrieSandIncentaLorGanizationShaveProvariedDEFINGROFDROFDROFDRONESPARSPARSPARANCE, a "Drone" MayrefertoanyvehicleCanoperateonMultiplesurfaceSand/ORINTHEA Dahostofotherattributes.MostjurisDictionScategoregulathembyweight.adroneCouldvaryFromamAMORCRAFT/TOYINATOARGEDAIRCRAFT Senttoawarzone.
TheinternationalCivilaviationOntorganization ("ICAO") IsstheinternationalbodyBORGEDWITHTHTHTHTHTHESPON-SibilityOFIFIFINDREGULAIRWAIRWAYS.Whiletheica ODOESNOTDEFINEADRONE, itIDENTIFIES
DroneStobewithinheambitoFuASCOINEDTHETERMROTELOTEDAIRCRAFTSTEMS ("RPAS") FordronestHataREMOTEPITEPITEPITEPITEPILOLOTEPILOTEPILOTEPILOTEPITEPITEPITEPITEPITEPITE ElongTotheWiderFamilyOfuas.uasSersSensentiallyinCludes (I) TheunmannedairCraft; (II) TheControlSystem (s) OnTheground; (III) TheControlDataLink ( s); and (IV) Othersupportequipment.2TheicaocularCularonMannedairCraftSystems, 2011
DefinesanRPASAS "ASETOFCONFIGURABLEMENTSISTITINGOFAREMOTELY-PILOTEDAI RCRaft, itsassociateEdremotepStation (s), TheRequiredCommandControllks SandanyoThersystemMentsasmayBeired, AtanypointDuringFlightOperation. "
1availablet:
/meetings/uas/documents/circular%20328_en.pdf,
LastaccessEdOCTOBER27,2023.
2SeeunmannedairCraftSystems, ICAO, icao,
/meetings/uas/documents/circular%20328_en.pdf
H nishdesaailIATES2023PROVIDUPONREQUESTONL2
TheglobalDronrevolution -AERIALTRANSPORT, InvestmentsandMakeinindiaopPortunities
GlobaldevelopopmentsindSindroneusage
OverthePastFewyars, DroneShaveCometoBEUSEDIUSINDRIAIESANDFORIEDPOSES.FromquickDeliverHoursurveyingElectricalLLILILILILILILILILILLILILLILLILLILLLLLLLILIERIEDPURIEDPURIEDPOS SareProvingTobextRemelyBeneFicialinplaceswherehumannotreaRareunableunableunableunableunableunableunable Photography, ExpressShippingordeldeliveryofgoods, SupplyingesSersStoremotePlaces, thermalSerDroneErchandReScueoperations, GeographicMappinging , cropMonitoring,
ForeCasting, ETC.THEUSAGEOFDRONESINPLANPLANNING, Infrastructuredevelopment, C onStructionPlanning, MANUFAFACTURINGENGENTAGEMEMEME, ManufacturingAndInventoryManager TC., Arealsonotable.WehavedetailedsomeOftheusesEcasesbelow:
I.Agri-Tech
Withtheuseofdrones, theAgricultualSabletogTogatherData, Automater DundantProcessses, AndimProveeFicienceBeevelopedToAidthec UltivateProcess, IncludingFor
POLLIINATIONOFLOLORS, SprayingoffertilisandevenForrigationRequirements ATION/MONITONGANGWITHANALYSESESOFIELDS/SOILWHICHICHIDAIDIDINCROPHEALTHUS, Farmerscanoptimizeofinputs
(Frtilizers, SEED, Watertc) AndreactsuitablywhichinturnWouldsave/Enhancecropyield.
II.AirMobility/Dronetaxis
WithThtheCrowIdingoftheStreetswithCarsandhourSoftrafficJamSComingInThewayofhassle-FreeCommute, NumerouscompaniesaroundareexPloringTheideao FDRONETAXISORPASSSENGERDRONESTHATCANBESUMMONEDLIETHELASANDUBERSINANTHWORLD.WHETHETERISOINTHEPROFESOFNAIRMBLIRMBIRIRMBILITHIRMOIRMOIRMOIRMBLINAT upswithaircraftmanufacturers.someReportssuggestthatBy2030, ElectricVertic UREPROVIDERSWILLLLLEAMARKETVALUEF $ 35billion.2
Airbus, theMultInationaleuropanaerospacecompany, isdevelopingtwoelectricurMobility ("UAM") VehicleswithtoFershort-timeAndDistanc EFLIGHTSACROSCONGESTEDBIGCIGCITIES.THEREARENUMEROTHEROTHEROSTISTISTISTISTINGEVELOPINGEIRAUTONMOUSVEHICESFOSOFOSOFESOFEAFESINGMOLITYANGESOFEASONGMOLITYASOFOSOFURPOSESOFEAS PortworldWide.
III.Maritimeusage
DroneShavefoundincreasingApplicationInTheDeepse.usecaseSincludeepSeae ERSFORPOLLLUTIONALLEGALALALATIVIESSUCHASDRUGTRAFFICKINGINDFISHING, SearchRescueoperations, DroneBaseDeloverytosatsea, ETC.3
1Divyajoshi, DrontechNOLOGYUSAPPLICORCOMMERCIAL, IndrialandMilitiesDronesin202020AndtheFuture
available:
In-2020-And-the-FUTURE/ArticleShow/72874958.cms
, LastaccessEdonOber27,2023.
2GLOBALEVTOLAIRCRAFTMARKETSIZE, AvaiLeableat:
/News/evtol-AIICRAFT-Market-Size-Worth-141500112.html
, LastaccessEdoCTOBER27,2023.Pune Stock
34WaySDRONESAREBEINGUSEDINDMARITIMAARITOFFSHORESERVIES, Available
/Security/4-WAA-DRONES-MARITIME-OFFSHORE-Services
, LastaccessEdoCTOBER27,2023.
H nishdesaailIATES2023PROVIDEDUPONREQUESTONL3
TheglobalDronrevolution -AERIALTRANSPORT, InvestmentsandMakeinindiaopPortunities
GlobaldevelopopmentsindSindroneusage
IndiahasalsomadeeffectiveuseofautonomousmaritimespotterdronesduringthetestflightmissionGaganyaani.e.,India’smissiontosendastronautsintoalowerearthorbitof400kilometresin2040.4ThedroneswereusedforlocatingthesplashdownoftheTV-D1crewmoduleandguidingrecoveryvesselstothepreciselocation.
Iv.militaryandDeFenseServices
GivenTraategicsizeofdrones, TheiruseinMilityOperationsbegandecades Untries) 5havealReadyadoptedDroneTechNologyFormaticActivities.wHi DroneSarebeingDesignedexClusivelyForsurveilnceAndDefence, AswellasforofFensivePeethBombDeTech
v.shippingandDelivery
ThecommerCialusageOfdronesForshippingandDeliveryOfgoodSagaineDmomentum Transport.THedeliveriesmayRangefromThatOfMedicineStoSts, Packagesandevenpizzas.7whileindiaStruggwithTheSupply-ChaindisRutingThepand Emic, DroneSeMergeDasaneWrayoFhopeinenablingSuchDeliverIETHERSTEPAN sitiveAndfasterDeliverIETAKEPLACEANDTHEWORLD.
vi.Conservice Fwildlife
WhileDroneSENESENITORITORCURERELELELEDACTIVities, TheyhavealSocometinomethefaunaFvariousRegions.8wildlifeMonitoringishis SENTIASITCANASSSISTINTINGINDTHEFOOTAGEFROMSUCHDROMISSISTUDUDUDUDUDUDUDUADUDURAVIORANPATERNS.InSuchaway, DroneSarebeingu TilizedForgeo-MAPPINDTRACKINGOFSUCHANIMALSINTURNATUTATSWITHUMANINININININISINININTERENCE.DRO llianceisanexampleofanorganizationThathasuseddrones (Suchasthemarinesnotbot) Tocollectsamples — Specification, Mucusfromwhales.9999999999999999999999
vii.healthcare
GiventhenecessIFACCESSINGHEALTHCAREFORIDUALOVORLDINCLU GimMenSepopularity.WhileMedicalSuppliescanbedEredEdradityAlmeans, CertAincircumstanceScallForquickACCEDRUGS, Blood, AndmedicalTec hnology, DroneShaveexpediatedAccesstotheSeFacilitiesforReMoteregions.
4Thesky ’snotthelimit: HowMaritimeSpotterDroneSANDTHEINDTHENAVYUSHEDINAOFSPACEEXPLON
/Business/DEFENE-The-SKYS-the-LIMIT-HOW-MARITIME-SPOTTER-DHE-In-USHED-In-Ahe-Ora-OF-
Space-EXPLORATION-3283152Mumbai Wealth Management
5AVAILABLEAT:
/International-Security/Reports/World-Drones/Introidion-HOW-BECAME-WORLD-OF-DRONES
/#: ~: text = the%20Nited%20States%2c%20israel%2c%20and, Producers%20Allers%20of%20drones, Lastac senseOctober27,2023.
638WaysdroneSwillimpactsociety: FromFightingwartofastingweather, UAVSCHANGEEVENG, (January09,2020), available:
/reSearch/Drone-IMPACT-SOCIETY-UAV,
LastaccessEdOCTOBER27,2023.
7fintanc.droneSFordEliveriesFrommedicineStopost, Packagesandpizza, Available
/Drones-FOR-GOOD/DRONE-PARCEL-PIZZA-DELIVERY-Service,
LastaccessEdOCTOBER27,2023.
8DRONESHELPRESEARCHERSMANAGEKOAPULATIONS, Available
/Drones-Robotics/Drones-HESEARCHERS-Manage-KOALA-POPULE
, LastaccessEdonOber27,2023.Udabur Investment
H NishdesaailIATES2023PROVIDEDUPONREQUESTONL4
TheglobalDronrevolution -AERIALTRANSPORT, InvestmentsandMakeinindiaopPortunitiesKolkata Stocks
GlobaldevelopopmentsindSindroneusage
ONEOFTHEMOSTWLL-KNOWNMEDIDELIVEERYCOMPANYIS
ZiplineInternational
, WhiChoffersdeliveryDroneSinRuralareasthropricaandinnumerousotherCountRiesuchaSusususanorthcarolina.10
viii.ThermalSerDroneSForsearchandRescueoperations
DroneSequippedhacameraandThermalorOPTINSOVEENSEDEXTEEXTENSISTERDISAGEMAGEMANDRESCUEPENS.Forexamplec OmmonlyusedformilitiesOperations, WEREUSEDTTORESCUEANDECTCITIZENSINININININININAFTHURRRIRIRINAINTRINAINTHEUS.11TheuseofsuchDroneSaFenavi GATIONDEFFICIENCYINRESCUEPENS.
ix.internetBeams
CompaniesSuchasFacebookandGooglearedevelopingDroneSolaPowerPowerwhic HwouldBeamTheInternetorerstoreMoteareas.12ITISTECHNANSERDISCUSSSISISSISSISISSISISSI OnandmayDevelopHecomingyearsanDevelopedwithanaimofbringingMoreProvidingThemwithgreaCeinternetternet.
WiththeevolvingApplicationOFDRONECHNOLOGYTOVARIOUSINDISTRIES, TheTechn OlogiesAlliedRoneSaEvolvingInstancem.ForInstances AyContainavarietTiFBUILT-INSAFEGUARDS, IncludingsMartaccuratesorsandSelf-MonitoringTechnologiestprovidenetunTransport, Mil itary, logistics, andCommerCialsectors.13
10availablet:
/2020/05/26/zipline-begins-US-Medical-Delivery-UAV-PROGRAM-HNED-AFRICA,
LastaccessEdOCTOBER27,2023.
11availablet:
/publication/256841448_drones_to_The_Rescue_unmanned_aerial_Search_missions_based_ON__
Thermal_imaging_and_relixble_navigation
, LastaccessEdonOber27,2023.
12availablet:
/2019/01/21/Facebook-AIRBUS-SOLAR-DROLNES-Internet-ProGram/? Guccounter = 1 & GUCE__
Referrer = Ahr0Chm6ly93D3CUZ29VZ2XLLMNVBS8 & Guce_referrer_sig = Aqaaajgwhvqh6axyh2q-GUISSBZI3HFCNUXJON5RQ6GMG3UNRPM
YYJYLTU6JWDVFRM5IVKS4VXHDSBZIM15uyzeol4gxxkoa-8DIMXLQSOHK9HQ7HXKFRKPYS
, LastaccessEdonOber27,2023.
13availablet:
H NishdesaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaTes2023ProvideduponRequestonly5
TheglobalDronrevolution -AERIALTRANSPORT, InvestmentsandMakeinindiaopPortunities
GlobaldevelopopmentsindSindroneusage
GrowthofalliedDroneTechNologies
UnmannedaircraftSystemTrafficmanagement (‘UTM’)
UTMISANECOSYSTOEMTOENABLEMULTITIPERATIONSONAGEDINTHEAIRSPACE .ItActsasanairTrafficSANDROCESINGIMIMPEMIMPLEMINTED InindiandotherCountRies.TheindiangoverPublishedtheutMPolicywhich AldevelopmentFromasaFETYPERSPECTIVE, ESPECIALLYWHINTHENUMBEROFDRONESINTHEAIRSPARESTETTOINCREASE.
ActiveGroundavoidance
Realtimeflightdatatransmissions
Celltowers
LTE4G3G
CentrairetrafficControlbuilding, Towers, Terrain,
ControlServertRellises, ETC.
Source: wetalkuav.com
CounterDroneTechnology
DroneSCANALSOTHREATIFNOTUSEDWITHDUECAUTION.INRECENTTIMES, TheRehavebe EnmanyCaseswheredRoneShaverisandHaveSAveBreacheDSAFETYANDSEC URITY.15THISLEDTOTHEEVOLUTINONTECHICHISBEING queslikeradiFering (RF) Detection, Electro-OPTICALANDINFRDARDARETH ING, Laser, Nets, ProjectileorCombineDiCTICTICTICTELEMENTS.
14AVAILABLEAT:
.in/Assets/Files/National-UTM-POLICY-FRAMEWORK-2021-24-OCT-2021.pdf,
LastaccessEdOCTOBER27,2023.
15mayankm., India ’santi-DronTechnology: Howtoneutralizeanyfuturedronettta, (Jury13,2021), AvaiLeableat:
/Technology/science-And-FUTUR
LastaccessEdonolectober27,2023; SeealSoforusa, departmentOfDeFenseCounter-UNMANEDAIRCRAFTSYSS (April17,2023), AvailaBleat:
/crs/weapons/if11426.pdf,
LastaccessEdOCTOBER27,2023.
H NishdesaailIATES2023PROVIDUPONREQUESTONL6
TheglobalDronrevolution -AERIALTRANSPORT, InvestmentsandMakeinindiaopPortunities
GlobaldevelopopmentsindSindroneusage
CountdronTechNologyVaryfromTechnologyBeingUSEDFORDECTITING, Internet -AntingShootingDronSBENGUSEDROTCHUSEESBYUSEOFNETS.ts.ts.t HelatterhasBeenillustratedBelow:
NetandParachute
Intelligentprojectile
Auto-aim
SmartScope
Source: MedPharmres16
Newobstacleavoidancealgorithm
DroneScurrentlymarketwith’s’obstacleavoidance’Featuresaretonaviga llypilotedtodoso.senseandavoidisamajorPatternForobStocletavoidance.17TheMainIDEAREVIRGORASFORMINGTHEAVOIDAIDAIDAIDAIDANCEPRE mintopathplanningandpathfullow, infommerCialdrones.
MultivehicleControlthroughCloudComputing
ThenettomanageandControlMultipleDroneswithinaProximitywillbemoreManding, ASTHENUMBEROFACTIVEDROWROWRARATECONGLOMESARAMAREADYREAMOTIN GTHECONCEPTOFCCECTDDRONECANBECONTROLLEDVIACloud-Basedinfrastructructructure.CURRENTL orUserStoAccessAndanalyse, OFTENNOTINREAL-TIME.
16availablet:
17x.zhangandh.duan, "AnimProvStraineDifferentialeVolutionalgorithmmforithmmflicleglobalrouTeplanning," AppliedSoftcomputing, VOL.26 , PP.270–284,2015.
H nishdesaailIATES2023PROVIDEDUPONREQUESTONL7
TheglobalDronrevolution -AERIALTRANSPORT, InvestmentsandMakeinindiaopPortunities
GlobalDronregulation
CountrySaroundtheWorldhavethoroughlydeliberatedonisConcerningTheopra CTIONBRIEFLYDISCUSSSSESSOMEOFTHESEREGULATIONS.
Globalstandards
In2014, TheinternationalGanizationForstandardization ("ISO") CreateDateChn iCalcommitteeonuas.1THescopeOCommittee’SWORKINCLUDES O, Standardizationof "Classification, Design, ManuoFacture, Operation (IncludingMaintenance) andSAFETYMANAGEMEPAPARATIONS." 2In2019, TheCommitteepubl IshedAdocumentonoperationAlProceDuresforComerCialuas, DetailingInternationalb EStPracticeswhichServeasarestandaFACTURERS, Operators, Operators, Operators ETC.3
In2020, TheisoSUPPLEMENTHISDOCUMENTWITHALISTOFINITIONINGTO VilunMannedairCraftSystems.4thisDocumentSpeciFIEREQUIREMENTSFORMULT PLACINGANYEXISTINGUASREGULAMEWORK.Similaly, TheRearevariousotherstand, RelatedTouastrafficManagement, TrainingForpersonnel eBeenpublishedandsome
Varanasi Stock